Title: glass-bib
Subject: A bibliography on glass and glass beads by Master Magnus Malleus, OL.
Author: Edited by Mark S. Harris
Last saved by: Mark S. Harris
Keywords: medieval, glass, bead, bibliography, Venetian, eyeglasses

glass-bib - 11/30/02

A bibliography on glass and glass beads by Master Magnus Malleus, OL.

NOTE: See also the files: glasswork-msg, ceramics-bib, Ceramics-Intro-art. beads-msg, beadwork-msg, polishing-msg, pottery-msg, Rock-Crystal-art, 15C-Eyeglsses-art.

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    Mark S. Harris                  AKA:  THLord Stefan li Rous
                                          Stefan at florilegium.org
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Date: Wed, 10 Apr 2002 11:52:46 -0400
From: rmhowe <MMagnusM at bellsouth.net>
To: sca-arts at raven.cc.ku.edu,
   "- BARONY of WINDMASTERS' HILL" <keep at windmastershill.org>
Subject: Re: looking for millefiori beads (Venetian glass)

dwilson wrote:
>   As we are speaking of glass beads
>   I went to an event http://members.nbci.com/wendysweb/SCA/BHdG/2001/  And
> had a bead making class.
> http://members.nbci.com/wendysweb/SCA/BHdG/2001/bg.jpg (not me) taught by
> http://members.nbci.com/wendysweb/SCA/BHdG/2001/  From which I left with my
> own glass bead.
>   This was a great class! about a subject I have been curious about for a
> long time.
>   Now I went home and crushed a blue nun bottle and experimented on my
> air/acetylene torch and found I could not quite achieve enough heat.

Air Acetylene should have enough heat. I think the problem may be
that Blue Nun bottles, if I remember correctly are not glass but
Stoneware that is glazed on the outside. At least that is what a
similar one that was a wedding gift to us we still have appears
to be. Nearing 18 years now and we still have it.

>  She was using a map gas torch and had no problem melting
>  commercial glass rods.

Mapp Gas heats to about 2500 degrees, although the local group
prefers HOT HEAD torch heads to use with it. Better for glass
working. You also need to get some glassworking tinted glasses
or clip ons to protect your eyes from the sulphur flares when
you work glass.

If I remember correctly glass enamel melts about 1400 degrees F.
At least the stuff I use does. I have done cloisonne and a few
beads. I used a Mapp Gas torch for the beads.

Here is what I have in my files that has not been in someone
elses posts. SCA Arts had a big discussion of this in 2000.:

Andersson, Aron : Die Glasmalereien des Mittelalters in 
Skandinavien; (Glass painters of the Middle Ages in Scandinavia)
Stockholm, 1964.; 321 pp. With 205 plates (30 col.) & 66 text-ills. 
Cloth. sm.folio. [stained glass] *Corpus Vitrearum Medii Aevi 
Skandinavien.

Grose, D. EARLY ANCIENT GLASS
1989. Core-Formed, Rod-Formed and Cast Vessels and Objects from 
the late Bronze Age to the early Roman Empire, 1600 BC to AD 50. 
Toledo Museum of Art. Lge 4to 453pp Profusely illustrated. A magnificent
book.

Harden, D.B. GLASS OF THE CAESARS
1987. Card cvrs, 4to 313pp Profusely illustrated. 
Superb catalogue of Roman glass. Corning Museum of Glass.

Haynes, E Barrington GLASS THROUGH THE AGES
1970, revised edition. Card covers, 310pp 96 plts + ills in 
text. Includes a section on glassmaking in England plus 
100pp dealing with English drinking glasses of the 18th
Century classified by stem formation. Eminently useful and 
considered "the most authoritative work on the subject of 
glass and glass collecting".

HEIREMANS, M.: 20th Century Murano Glass: From Craft to Design.
Arnoldsche, 1996. 232pp, 186 colour illustrations. Text in English,
German and Flemish. This book looks at the development of Murano 
glass between 1910 and 1970. The objects, mainly vases, bowls and 
figurines show the designers wealth of ideas and the
full use of
colour.  
                                                                                             
HEIREMANS, M.: Art Glass from Murano.
Arnoldsche, 1993. 376pp, 268 colour, 55 b&w illustrations. This 
beautifully illustrated book shows 290 masterpieces from the 
archives at Murano and museums and private collections around 
Europe, America and Japan. Detailed photographs allow a close 
study of the technical details of this specialised Murano Art, 
whilst accompanying authoritative text focuses on the details 
of glass making.  

Heiremans, Marc. Art Glass from Murano - Glas-Kunst aus 
Murano (German edition of above) - 1910 -1970.
Stuttgart 1993, Arnoldsche. 4 . 376 S. Mit 268 meist farbigen 
Abb. Biographien der 	K¸nstler, OLeinenbd.  

Kampfer, F. & Beyer, K.G.: GLASS A WORLD HISTORY -The story of 
4000 years of fine Glass-Making; 1966, Lge 4to, 315pp, 243 plts 
(40 colour). A scholarly history of fine glass making - a standard work.

Marshall, Jo: GLASS SOURCE BOOK; 1990. 4to, 192pp., Richly 
illustrated survey of the world's great glass-making traditions, 
period by period

Neuburg, Frederic: ANCIENT GLASS; 1962, cloth hardback binding, 
4to, 110pp + 101 plates + 10 colour. Traces the history of 
glass-making from Egypt 2000 BC through to the
Roman and Byzantine Empires. A standard reference work.

Norman, Barbara: GLASS ENGRAVING; NY, 1981, 189pp & 59 plts. 
A comprehensive and well illustrated survey of the various 
methods of engraving on glass.

Osborne, June: STAINED GLASS IN ENGLAND
1981. Hardback. 4to, 224 pages, 88 colour illustrations. A 
general history plus a 	guide listing 1500 churches etc 
county by county. 

Osborne, June STAINED GLASS IN ENGLAND; 1993. 270pp.,  
Well illustrated including 32 colour plates. A standard 
reference work. Revised and updated edition.

Philippe, Prof Dr. Joseph: GLASS: HISTORY AND ART - From the 
Beginnings until Today; 1982. Card covers. VG 8to 150 pages. 
Profusely illustrated with 272 plates of which 28 are in colour. 
The author is Director of the Liege Museum of Glass.

Rackham, Bernard: A GUIDE TO THE COLLECTIONS OF STAINED GLASS; 
1936, Hardback, 141pp Plus 104 full page plates illustrating 
many items. Victoria and Albert Museum.

Sarpellon, Giovanni MINIATURE MASTERPIECES Mosaic Glass l838-1924
1995. dw VG Lge 4to 192pp 1084 illustrations (1073 in colour). The 
standard work on the revival of mosaic glass work on Murano in the 
19th and early 20th C.

Sotheby Auction Catalogue: THE COLLECTION OF IMPORTANT 
ENGLISH ENAMELS (IONIDES COLLECTION)  1967. Hardback . 
Formerly the Property of the late Hon. Mrs Nellie Ionides. 
4to 62 pages plus 14 plates illustrating many items. 
Bound in green cloth with gilt titles.   
	
Sotheby Auction Catalogue FINE NETSUKE AND OJIME from the H.G 
Beasley Collection; 1984. Card covers. Executors of the Late Miss 	
M.A.Beasley. 46 pages. 17 black and white plates and 5 full page
colour plates featuring nearly 200 items in the sale.  

Sotheby Catalogue, AN IMPRESSIVE COLLECTION OF VIENNESE ENAMELS
1979. Card cvrs 4to 34pp Fully illustrated in colour and black and
white. 

Society of Antiquaries of London: Archaeologia; or, Miscellaneous 
Tracts Relating to Antiquity, Volume CVII, London, 1982, pp.222, 
text-illustrations, plates. Includes Anglo-Saxon Glass claw-beakers; 
The stained glass of the Chapel of the Vyne and the Chapel of the 
Holy Ghost, Basingstoke. 

Stern, E.Marianne & Schlick-Nolte, Birgit: EARLY GLASS OF THE ANCIENT 
WORLD, 1600 B.C. - A.D.50; 1994. Card covers. The Ernesto Wolf 
Collection. 4to, 432 pages, 116 pages of scholarly text with over 200 
monochrome plates, plus over 200 colour plates of catalogue items 
with extensive descriptions of each piece. 
* This I just bought at $15 U.S., down from $80 from Barnes and
Noble this week, new in the bargain section. Has over a hundred pages
in the front with illustrations describing the techniques.

Tait, Hugh THE GOLDEN AGE OF VENETIAN GLASS
1979. Hardback., 4to, 135 pages. Profusely illustrated, British Museum.

Turner, William: TRANSFER PRINTING ON ENAMELS, PORCELAIN AND POTTERY : 
Its Origin and Development in the United Kingdom; 1907. Hardback. 
175 pages + 48 full page plates.

Whistler, Laurence POINT ENGRAVING ON GLASS
1992. Hardback VG 93pp Profusely illustrated monograph.

Shortland, Andrew J.: Vitreous Materials at Amarna: The Production 
of Glass and Faience in 18th Dynasty Egypt. BAR International Series.
Publisher: 2000.; 184pp with 47 monochrome plates and 7 colour and 
93 monochrome illustrations. Wrappers 30x21cms. Scholarly study of 
the technical processes involved in the manufacture of glass and
faience on the site of Amarna, capital city of Egypt during the 
18th Dynasty. With definitions of the chemical structure and 
physical properties of the media and in-depth analyses of the 
methods ...

Glass Beads of Anglo-Saxon England C AD 400-700, A Preliminary 
Visual Classification of the More Definitive and Diagnostic Types, 
361pps. and 8 color plates, distribution maps, and a type page. 
by Margaret Guido, Boydell Press for the Society of Antiquaries
of London, 1999, Printed by St. Edmundsbury Press, Ltd., 
Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk
Tremendous Number of Sites and Bibliography cited.
ISBN 085157181  ISSN 09537163
Boydell Press Boydell and Brewer Ltd. 
P.O. Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK and  at  
P.O. Box 41026, Rochester, N.Y., 14604-41026 USA

American School of Prehistoric Research
Duke U. Library 571 A512B, No 41-42, 
Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography, Harvard U. Bulletin 41
The Discovery of Glass - Experiments in the Smelting of Rich, Dry Silver
Ores, an 
the Reproduction of Bronze-Age Type Cobalt Blue Glass as a Slag; 1993
	(1) Evidence of Early European Glassmaking nd Metallurgy 
	Glass and Faience
	Metals
	(2) Location of Metals in the Ancient World
	(3) Experiments and Ancient Methods of Metallurgy 
	Types of Ore
	Methods of Smelting
	(4) Ulu Burun Kas Shipwreck and Old Trading Routes
	(5) Lead Isotope analysis
	(6) Conclusions
	Origins of Cobalt Glass
	Silver 
	Bronze
	Trade Patterns
	- Summary
	- Ancient Smelting Fluxes

Ancient Glass and India - by Sen and Chaudhuri 
(Duke U. Library 666.10954 S474 1985 History of Sciences 
in India, Indian Natural Sciences Academy, Bhadur Shah 
Zafar Marg, New Delhi, East End Printers, 3 Dr. Suresh 
Sarkar Rd., Calcutta 700 014.

The Ubiquitous Trade Bead - Readings in Glass History No. 22, 
Sept. 1990, Anita Engle; Phoenix Publications, Jerusalem, 
P.O.Box 1890. Duke U Library 666.109. R287 No 22
Small Paperback.

Ancient Indian Glass - Archaeology and Technology by R.N. Singh
Duke U. Library 666. 109564 S617 AS541  1989 Parimal Publications,
Delhi,  India; UBSPD / UBS Publisher's Distributors Ltd., 
5 Ansari Rd., New Delhi, India 110002   Phone 273601-04

A few references:

McKerrel, Hugh:  On the Origins of British Faience Beads and Some
Aspects of the Wessex-Mycenae Relationship; in Proceedings of the
Prehistoric Society, Vol. 38, 1972, pp. 286-99 with chemical 
analyses of the different faiences from Egypt, Britain, and Mycenae, 
and a full page bibliography. Charts but no pictures.  Suggests 
import to Britain about 1450 BC. 

Newton, R.G., and Colin Renfrew: British Faience Beads Reconsidered;
in Antiquity XLIV, 1970, pp.199-206 including a partial page
bibliography. No illustrations. Takes up the pre-Childe attitude 
that British and Scottish beads of the Bronze Age were locally
manufactured on the basis of spectrographic analysis. 

"The History of Beads : From 30,000 B.C. to the Present" 
by Lois Dubin. 

Jargstorf, S: Glass Beads from Europe, with Price Guide; US 1996. 
4to (21x28cm) sc 16Opp 475 colour photos Mint. Phoenician, Celtic,
Viking, Venetian, African, Bavarian, Bohemian, Dutch, French and 
Russian styles. 

Failing that see books on Egyptian artefacts or just about any
of the Corning Museum books on glass. I believe the Metropolitan
and the Boston Museum of Art also contain collections. Most of what
the Romans learned of glasswork they learned from their colonies
and Egypt. _Glass: 5000 Years_ is a good start.

The Anglo-Saxons had wonderful beaked glasses, horns with wound
decorations, and hanging/ground lamps. Unfortunately a whole lot of 
illustrations in the archaeological material, or even modern
books on historical beads simply lack color. Pointilism in black
and white may be great for depicting most items but it absolutely
sucks for beadwork. Looking at the difference between Viking glass
beads colored and the same items in Black and White illustrations
is nearly equally disappointing.

Evison, Vera: Anglo-Saxon Glass Claw-beakers; Archaeologia 107, 
1982, pp. 43-76 plus plates IV-XIII, with numerous cross sections 
and additional illustrations in text and large two page bibliography.
Large format. 

Evison, V: Anglo-Saxon Finds near Rainham, Essex, with a Study of 
Glass Drinking-horns;  Archaeologia 96, 1955. 38pp, 12figs, 
11b/w pls, pp. 159-98 and plates LIX-LXX, last plate is the Torrs
Chamfrein which uses drinking horn ends as horns. A-S Square-headed
brooch, glass whorls, girdle hanger, coopered bronze-bound drinking
vessels, diagrams of pattern welded swords, shield bosses, pottery 
cups (4), spearheads, round mouthed pitchers, pots, gold pendant, 
36 views of mostly different drinking horns. 

Evison Vera: 'Some Vendel, Viking and Saxon glass' in B Hardh, 
L Larsson et al (eds) _Trade and Exchange in Prehistory_ -
_Acta Archaeologia Lundensia_ 16 (1988) 237_45.

The Frisians, and their neighbors, had a habit of mining the old
Roman period mosaics for glass bits to trade with other cultures
for beading. If you ever wanted to see the height of Roman / 
Byzantine interior mosaics get books on Ravenna.

If you can locate one - out of print - the World of the Vikings 
CD illustrates a Viking bead making process on it. Preheating 
and annealing was done on a pan near the fire of the little furnace, 
and coated wire was used to wrap the glass on, much like we do now.

Also see Forbes - Studies in Ancient Technology, most probably Vol 5,
for any ancient technology. Singer and Dumas cover generally later
periods but not the earlier ones as well as Forbes in their History(s)
of Technology book series.   

Scull, Christopher : Further Evidence from East Anglia for Enamelling 
on Early Anglo-Saxon Metalwork, pp. 117-25. Anglo-Saxon Studies on
Archaeology and History 4, Oxford Committee for Archaeology, 1985,
edited by Sonia Chadwick Hawkes, James Campbell and David Brown, 
235 pages, photographs in individual articles. Oxbow Books. 

http://www.thebeadsite.com/ has books on historical glass.

FIRE MOUNTAIN GEMS.COM  OR   1-800-423-2319   

Historical Glassworks by Arab Boy
Jason Klein 
1600 Yale Place
Brick, N.J. 098723  (732) 458 1157 2/02
Jayter at aol.com
Currently in Florida 2/02
(904) 476-8680 cell phone 2/02

This person has various drinking horns in pale green and green 
glass. Some were wound in colored glass threads. He also had the 
kinds of small bowls suitable for cups, lamps or small bowls you 
don't usually see. The drinking horns were tough enough to take 
a drop from several feet onto the ground and not break. He also 
had various styles of beakers. But I didn't see any clawed beakers. 
I don't think he's attempted those speaking with him. The prices 
seemed reasonable.
   I'm not associated in any way, but this is rather a rarity.
   If some of you folks were looking for such stuff this is an
opportunity. Anyway it was worth noting. I saw him again at
Pennsic this year in one of the Bazaars I believe.

> Does any know what a Viking jewellers forge (The Regina site has 
> one) looks like inside? Sideways tyre or is the air coming from
> underneath?

From the back actually. Most medieval forges were side blown as far
as I know.

> Sheepstealer

See the photo section on http://www.frojel.com/
There is a whole photo montage in there of Anders Soderburg from
Sweden, the Viking Age Metalcasting guy teaching how to make
Castings the Viking way. Starting with the construction of the
forge. Note that you do not put the mouth of the bellows all
the way into the tuyere, the tube going into the clay firepit.
This keeps you from sucking superheated air back into the bellows
and exploding the bellows. ;)  Also you will see them forming
and drying the little metal casting flasks over the end of a
slightly tapered stick from the clay. The clay has up to 80%
sand added to it for the construction of the molds which are
then heated and burned out gradually at the edge of the firepit.

You can just see them pouring the metal into the mold and breaking
it open. Sandy Sempel's Frojel Gotlandica Viking group in
Australia imported Anders for a class. Then again some of them
have traveled to Gotland, Sweden to visit Dan Carlsson and fight
with the local Vikings. 

There are thousands of close up pictures of genuine Viking
Artefacts from the museums there that Sandy has hosted on his
site with differing views, including backs.

Magnus Malleus, OL, GDH, Atlantia / ©  R.M. Howe, Raleigh, NC.
*Please do not repost my emails to the Rialto, any newsgroup
or the SCA-Universitas List. To do so I regard as a violation
of copyright permissions.* You may forward them to your local
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however. Use in the http://www.Florilegium.org/ is, as always,
permitted.

<the end>

Edited by Mark S. Harris	glass-bib	Page  of